• Hijrah New Year (10 February 2006)
• Ramadan begins (4 October 2006)
• Eid Al-Fitr (3 November 2006)
• Hajj begins (8 January 2006)
• Eid Al-Adha (10 January 2006)

Al-Hijra
This holiday marks the beginning of the Muslim New Year on the first day of the month of Muharram. In addition to being the start of the New Year, Al-Hijra is also the anniversary of Muhammad's hijra to Medina , an important event theologically. Sometimes this is also called Rabi Al-Awwal.
Ashura
Taking place on the tenth day of Muharram, 'Ashura marks the anniversary of the death of Imam Husain, the grandson of Muhammad. This is a holy day celebrated more by Shi'ites than by Sunni Muslims, because Sunnis don't recognize Husain's claim to being the proper successor to Muhammad. However, tradition has it that a number of other important events occurred on 'Ashura, including Noah's ark coming to rest, the Prophet Abraham being born, and the Kaaba being built.
For Shi'ites, 'Ashura is the most sanctified day of the month, and celebrating it includes fasting and "passion plays" of his martyrdom. Because of this, the day is not "celebrated" in the way that holy days normally are. Some mourners beat their chests, lamenting and grieving over Husain's death, and replicas of his tomb are profusely decorated on this date.
Mawlid al-Nabi
This date marks the celebration of Muhammad's birth in 570 C.E., and has been fixed at the 12th day of the month Rabi al-Awwal. Mawlid al-Nabi appears to have been first celebrated in the thirteenth century and involved a month-long festival. Today, the focus is mostly on the actual date itself and includes sermons, gift giving, and a feast.
Laylat Al-Isra wa Al-Miraj
This literally means "the night journey and ascension," although the day is sometimes called by the shorter form Isra wa Al-Miraj. It is celebrated on the twenty-seventh day of Rajab, and tradition has it that on this date Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Jerusalem , then ascended into heaven, and returned to Mecca all in the same night. The rock from which he supposedly ascended to heaven can still be seen in the Dome of the Rock.
Muslims also believe that it was on the night or Laylat Al-Isra wa Al-Miraj that Muhammad established the current form of the five daily prayers which all believers must recite. The story also has it that Muhammad prayed together with Abraham, Moses and Jesus in the Al-Asqa mosque in Jerusalem, and because of that this date is also regarded as demonstrating that Muslims, Christians and Jews all follow the same god.
Ramadan
Also known as Ramadhan or Ramazan, this is a month when Muslims are expected to fast all day long.
The term Eid
is the Arabic term for festivity or celebration, and is only attached to a couple of holy days in the Muslim year, signifying their importance:
Eid Al-Adhha
This holy day is the "feast of sacrifice" and is celebrated from the tenth through the thirteenth days of Zul-Hijjah, the twelfth month of the Muslim calendar. Eid Al-Adhha marks the anniverary of Abraham's attempt to sacrifice his son Ishmael on God's orders (In the Jewish and Christian traditions, Abraham attempted to sacrifice Isaac). At this time special prayers are said either in mosques or in fields designated for that purpose.